​
Introduction

Software architecture defines the fundamental structure of a software system. It describes the organization of components, their relationships, and how they interact. A well-designed architecture ensures scalability, maintainability, and performance.

​
Architectural Styles

Software architecture follows different styles depending on the system requirements. Here are some commonly used architectural styles:

​
1. Monolithic Architecture

  • A single, unified application where all functionalities are tightly integrated.
  • How it Works: The entire application is built and deployed as a single unit.
  • Pros: Simple development, easy debugging, and performance efficiency.
  • Cons: Hard to scale, difficult maintenance, and risk of entire system failure.

​
2. Microservices Architecture

  • A collection of loosely coupled, independently deployable services.
  • How it Works: Each service handles a specific function and communicates via APIs.
  • Pros: Scalability, maintainability, and fault isolation.
  • Cons: Increased complexity and communication overhead.

​
3. Layered Architecture

  • Divides software into different layers (e.g., Presentation, Business Logic, Data Access).
  • How it Works: Each layer interacts only with the adjacent layer.
  • Pros: Modular, easier to maintain.
  • Cons: Performance overhead due to multiple layers.

​
4. Event-Driven Architecture

  • Uses events to trigger communication between components.
  • How it Works: Components publish and subscribe to events.
  • Pros: Asynchronous processing, scalable.
  • Cons: Difficult debugging, increased complexity.

​
Conclusion

Choosing the right architecture is crucial for software success. Consider factors like scalability, performance, and maintainability when selecting an architecture.

​
Suggested Learning Resources

For a deeper understanding of system design and microservices, check out these workshops: